近日，广东工业大学环境健康与污染控制研究院、环境科学与工程学院安太成教授团队题为《Occurrence and fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from electronic waste dismantling activities: A critical review from environmental pollution to human health》的综述性论文在Journal of Hazardous Materials (JHM，https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389421026510)杂志上发表。论文的第一作者为马盛韬博士，通讯作者为安太成教授。该论文全面系统地综述了粗放式电子垃圾拆解活动造成的多环芳烃（PAHs）污染特征、环境归趋、来源及形成机制，以及对拆解区域人群的潜在健康危害，并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。

电子垃圾（或电子废弃物）因含有可重复使用的电子元器件及贵金属等而被回收利用，然而粗放式的电子垃圾拆解回收活动会造成大量有毒有害物质释放到环境中，包括多种重金属和毒害有机物等，其中PAHs因具有致癌-致畸-致突变效应而备受关注。据此，本综述对粗放式电子垃圾拆解活动造成PAHs的污染特征、排放规律、来源及可能产生的潜在健康危害进行了系统总结。结果表明：对于中国贵屿等这一类早期的典型电子垃圾拆解点而言，大气中PAHs的含量相比十年前下降了一个数量级，这与当地政府严厉管控非法电子垃圾拆解活动相关；与此同时，这些呈爆发式增长的电子垃圾被转移到一些发展中国家，如印度、巴基斯坦和加纳等国家新近涌现大量的电子垃圾拆解点，在这些新兴的电子垃圾拆解地土壤中发现的PAHs也明显高于中国一些早期的电子垃圾拆解地。此外，在电子垃圾拆解地区周边居民母乳、头发和尿液中都检出了较高浓度的PAHs。从实验室模拟到现场观测等多方面数据都表明，电子废弃物线路板的热解和燃烧过程是PAHs排放的主要来源。然而，当前大部分研究限定在美国EPA优先控制的16种PAHs，事实上，一些特定的PAHs及其衍生物，如三苯基苯、卤代和含氧PAHs，已经被证实可作为指示电子垃圾拆解PAHs排放的特征标志物，应该被纳入今后的监测范围。该综述可为新兴的电子垃圾拆解污染地区开展PAHs污染的调查提供参考，也为有关部门进行PAHs污染管控提供科学依据，并为评估全球日益增长的电子废弃物的环境和健康风险提供重要信息。

论文DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127683

Graphical abstract

英文摘要：

Electronic waste (e-waste) is one of the fastest-growing solid wastes and has become an urgent issue due to the potential adverse consequences of exposure to emitted toxic pollutants, especially for these occupational exposed workers and local residents. In this review, the environmental occurrences, emission characteristics, sources, and possible adverse effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emitted from primitive e-waste dismantling activities are summarized. In general, the atmospheric levels of PAHs at typical e-waste sites, e.g., in Guiyu, China, have substantially decreased by more than an order of magnitude compared with levels a decade ago. The PAH concentrations in soil from old e-waste sites in China are also generally lower than those at newly emerged e-waste sites in India, Pakistan and Ghana. However, elevated concentrations of PAHs have been reported in human milk, hair and urine from the populations near these e-waste sites. Source apportionment both from bench-scale studies to field observations has demonstrated that the pyrolysis and combustion processing of electronic circuit board are mainly responsible for the emissions of various PAHs. In addition, some specific PAHs and their derivatives, such as triphenylbenzene, halogenated and oxygenated PAHs, have frequently been identified and could be considered as indicators in routine analysis in addition to the 16 U.S. EPA priority PAHs currently used.

项目资助：

本研究受到国家自然科学基金委重点项目和重大项目课题(41731279, 41977303和42177409)、广东省本土创新团队（2017BT01Z032），以及广东省自然科学基金（2021A1515010020）等项目的资助。