近日，广东工业大学环境健康与污染控制研究院、环境科学与工程学院安太成教授团队在居民室内外NO₂的动态变化特征和人体暴露贡献方面取得新研究进展，研究成果以“Continuous measurement of the dynamics of residential indoor and outdoor NO₂ and the contributions to human exposure”为题，发表在Environmental Pollution (2024, 361:124881；https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124881) 期刊上。论文的第一作者为我院顾建伟教授，通讯作者为安太成教授。

该研究在广州市居民家庭开展了室内外NO₂的连续测量，获得了室内厨房、客厅、室外NO₂的同步动态变化特征，揭示了室内-室外NO₂的关系，并量化了室内源和室外源对人体暴露的贡献。主要发现燃气炉具的使用是居民家庭室内主要的NO₂源，尽管总体上只贡献了室内NO₂的15-27%，但其可导致短时间的高NO₂暴露，对室内NO₂的暴露评估和风险防控具有重要意义。

论文网址: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124881

中文摘要

在居住环境中，二氧化氮（NO₂）是一种重要的空气污染物。然而，室内NO₂的动态变化特征和室内-外源对人体暴露的贡献尚不清晰。本研究对中国广州的八户家庭在冬、夏两季分别进行了连续的NO₂测量。使用NO₂监测仪获得了室内（厨房、客厅）和室外（阳台）的同步高时间分辨率NO₂数据集；确定了室内外NO₂水平和时间变化模式，分析了室内外关系，并量化了室内NO₂暴露的来源。结果发现室内NO₂总体上高于室外，在大多数情况下厨房的NO₂水平最高。厨房中NO₂呈现燃气灶使用导致的多峰值特征，而同期的客厅NO₂也有一定程度升高，但峰值通常较小。室内外NO₂的相关性冬季要强于夏季，夜间强于白天。设计概念模型分离了室内NO₂的来源，发现室外源贡献了厨房中73%-76%的NO₂，客厅中76%-85%的NO₂。室内与室外NO₂源作用于室内的模式截然不同：室外NO₂源的贡献始终存在于室内，而室内NO₂源则偶尔出现，但贡献很高。这对室内NO₂源导致的短期、高浓度的暴露评估具有非常重要意义，室内NO₂的急性健康效应值得关注。

图文摘要

英文摘要

In residential environment, NO₂ is an important air pollutant. Yet, the dynamics of indoor NO₂ and source contributions to human exposure are not well understood. Here, we conducted a continuous NO₂ measurement in and out of eight households in Guangzhou, China. Paired high time-resolution NO₂ data sets indoors (kitchen, living room) and outdoors (balcony) were obtained with NO₂ monitors. We summarized the indoor and outdoor NO₂ levels, identified temporal variation patterns, analyzed indoor-outdoor relationships, and quantified source contributions to indoor NO₂ exposure. Indoor NO₂ were overall higher than outdoor NO₂, and in most cases, the highest NO₂ levels were observed in the kitchen. NO₂ in the kitchen was characterized by multiple spikes associated with use of gas stoves, while NO₂ in the living room was also elevated but the peaks were generally smaller. The indoor-outdoor correlations were stronger in winter than in summer, and were stronger in nighttime than daytime. The sources contributing to indoor NO₂ were separated with a conceptual model. Overall, the outdoor NO₂ source contributed 73%–76% of the NO₂ in the kitchen, and 76%–85% in the living room. The source pattern was quite different: outdoor NO₂ sources were present indoors all the time; by contrast, indoor NO₂ sources were present sporadically but with a very high contribution. This has important implication to the exposure assessment that indoor NO₂ sources lead to short-term high exposure, and deserves attention regarding acute health effects.